Geography of India

Geography of India

India is the seventh largest country in the world. India lies on the Indian Plate. India is situated on the continent of Asia. India is situated north of the equator between 8⁰4^’ north to 37⁰6^’ north latitude and 68°7' to 97°25' east longitude. India has with a total area of 3,287,263 square kilometres (1,269,219 sq mi). India measures 3,214 km (1,997 mi) from north to south and 2,933 km (1,822 mi) from east to west. India has a land frontier of 15,200 km (9,445 mi) and a coastline of 7,516.6 km (4,671 mi).

Geography of India

On south India is bounded by Indian Ocean and in west by the Arabian Sea, the Lakshadweep Sea to the southwest, in the east Bay of Bengal, and Indian Ocean to the south. India has land of 91% and Water of 9%.

India is the second most populous country in the world with a population of 135.26 ( 2018 ) crores after china. Indian subcontinent is located in the Northern and Eastern hemisphere.  India shares total borders of 15,200 km. (9,400 mi). India shares borders with Bangladesh with 4,096.70 km. With China 3,488 km, with Pakistan 3,323 km, with Nepal 1,751 km, with Myanmar 1,643 km, and with Bhutan 699 km.

In India, The Tropic of Cancer which is 23.5^o N latitude passes through 8 states of India. These states are Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram. Andaman and Nicobar Islands are in the Bay of Bengal and Lakshadweep, Amindivi and Minicoy are in the Arabian Sea.

Indian Ocean lies midway between the Far East and Middle East. The Trans Indian Ocean routes connecting the industrially developed countries of Europe and the under developed countries of the East. 

• Important Facts of India:-

Highest Point:  Kangchenjunga 8,586 m. ( 28,169 ft.)

Lowest Point:  Kuttanad  ( -2.2m.) ( -7.2 ft.)

Longest River:  Ganga or Ganges. 2,525 km.

Largest Lake:  Wular Lake 30 to 260 km².

Exclusive economic zone:  2,305,143 km² (890,021 sq mi).

Longest Coastline: Gujarat.

Active Volcano:  Barren Island in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Southern most point:  Indira Point or Pygmation Point or Great Nicobar.

Southern most tip:  Kanyakumari.

Northern most point:  Indira Col.

Western most point:  West of Ghaur Mota in Gujarat.

Eastern most point:  Kibithu ( Arunachal Pradesh ).

INDIA 

Highest Peaks of India:-

Highest Peak	State	Height ( in m )
Mt K2	POK (India)	8611 m.
Kanchenjunga	Sikkim	8586 m.
Nanda Devi	Uttarakhand	7817 m.
Saltoro Kangri	Jammu and Kashmir	7742 m.
Kangto	Arunachal Pradesh	7090 m.
Reo Purgyil	Himachal Pradesh	6816 m.
Saramati	Nagaland	3841 m.
Sandakphu	West Bengal	3636 m.
Khayang	Manipur	3114 m.
Anaimudi	Kerala	2695 m.
Dodda Betta	Tamil Nadu	2636 m.

Indian Regions:-

India can be divided into six regions. These are as follows –

·         Northern Mountains:  Himalayas

·         Peninsular Plateau: contains mountain ranges (Aravalli, Vindhayachal and Satpura ranges), ghats (Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats) and plateaues (Malwa Plateau, Chhota Nagpur Plateau, Southern Garanulite terrain, Deccan Plateau and Kutch Kathiawar plateau).

·         Indo-Gangetic Plain

·         Thar Desert

·         Coastal Plains: Eastern Ghat folds and Western Ghats folds

·         Islands- The Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands.

Climate of India:-

India has mainly four seasons. They are - Winter (January–February), Summer (March–May), a monsoon (rainy) season (June–September) and a post-monsoon period (October–December).